This review, apparently addressed to health professionals and public health workers, examines use of MDMA, GHB and ketamine in gay and bisexual men, focusing on the effects using these drugs might have on sexual behavior and HIV status. The authors first summarize previous research on drug use in gay and bisexual men, gathered mostly from nightclub or Òcircuit partyÓ attendees. At least one study reported an association between ecstasy use and increased likelihood of having unprotected sex, but no association between ecstasy use and being HIV seropositive. Adverse events occurring when MDMA or GHB are administered in HIV+ men taking antiretrovirals are reported. The authors recommend that clinicians review drug metabolism pathways of any HIV drug to see whether it might be affected by Òclub drugÓ use (referring here to use of MDMA, GHB or ketamine). The review contains sections describing effects and management of adverse events related to Ecstasy, GHB and ketamine. Some the usual historical errors are present in the section on Ecstasy, and the authors seem unaware of the long-standing history of Ecstasy use in the gay community (as referenced in Beck and Rosenbaum 1994). The duration of action is slightly overestimated (listed as 6 to 8 hours rather than 3 to 5 hours). The authors assert that MDMA has been used to facilitate sexual assault, but fail to offer supportive evidence. Despite research findings to the contrary (e.g. Liechti et al. 2000), and without offering evidence in support of their claim, the authors suggest that coadministration of MDMA and a selective serotonin uptake inhibitor (SSRI) may lead to serotonin syndrome. The etiologies of the most common adverse events are briefly described. Surprisingly, the authors do not refer to any clinical trials to support claims about subjective or physiological effects. Supportive care is recommended for treatment of most adverse events, with a few exceptions in the treatment of hypertension and hyperthermia. The review is strongest in its concise description of adverse events and treatment, and in pointing out relationships between drug use and other risk-taking behaviors such as unprotected sex, but fails to fully explore this relationship, and contains inaccuracies concerning the history and effects of MDMA.
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